Brain system behind general intelligence discovered

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Bericht 23-02-'10, 08:55

Lathander

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Brain system behind general intelligence discovered

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/...00222161843.htm


ScienceDaily (Feb. 23, 2010) — A collaborative team of neuroscientists at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), the University of Iowa, the University of Southern California (USC), and the Autonomous University of Madrid have mapped the brain structures that affect general intelligence
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Omhoog

Bericht 23-02-'10, 10:21

anusthesist

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Re: Brain system behind general intelligence discovered

Wt een verrassing; ze vinden dat de parietaalkwab betrokken is bij intelligentie. Het is al járen bekend dat deze een hele grote rol speelt in het oplossend vermogen vanwege het polymodale karakter.
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Omhoog

Bericht 24-02-'10, 01:12

Dido

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Re: Brain system behind general intelligence discovered

Of algemene intelligentie (general intelligence) wel bestaat, wordt door heel wat onderzoekers in vraag gesteld:
Is intelligentie één ding of bestaat het uit verschillende facetten? In de wetenschap wordt er een pittige discussie over gevoerd. De Britse wetenschapper Charles Spearman nam de positie in dat er slechts één algemene intelligentiefactor is (ook wel de G-factor genoemd naar de G van general intelligence) waarop alle cognitieve vaardigheden zijn terug te voeren. Anderen zijn het daar niet mee eens. Zij beweren dat er verschillende intelligentiefactoren zijn die (redelijk) los van elkaar staan. Zo kan iemand, volgens deze wetenschappers, bijvoorbeeld best heel goed zijn in rekenen, maar heel slecht zijn in geheugentaken.
uit: http://www.iq-test.nl/g-factor.php

Uit onderzoek blijkt nu toch dat de g-factor overeen zou komen met connecties tussen verschillende hersenregio's. Daardoor zouden we in staat zijn om verschillende soorten informatie te integreren. Dit laatste is bovendien congruent met de parietofrontale integratie theorie die stelt dat intelligentie afhangt van hoe efficiënt hersenregio's met elkaar samenwerken:
The Parietal-Frontal Integration Theory (P-FIT) proposes that intelligent cognitive functioning requires information synthesis between frontal and parietal regions (Jung & Haier, 2007), thus singling out this particular pair of regions.
uit: APA: Brain Bases of Individual Differences in Cognition

En dan de studie zelf:
... to examine a uniquely large data set of 241 brain-lesion patients who all had taken IQ tests. The researchers mapped the location of each patient's lesion in their brains, and correlated that with each patient's IQ score to produce a map of the brain regions that influence intelligence.

"General intelligence, often referred to as Spearman's g-factor, has been a highly contentious concept," says Adolphs. "But the basic idea underlying it is undisputed: on average, people's scores across many different kinds of tests are correlated.

...

"One of the main findings that really struck us was that there was a distributed system here. Several brain regions, and the connections between them, were what was most important to general intelligence," explains Gläscher.

"It might have turned out that general intelligence doesn't depend on specific brain areas at all, and just has to do with how the whole brain functions," adds Adolphs. "But that's not what we found. In fact, the particular regions and connections we found are quite in line with an existing theory about intelligence called the 'parieto-frontal integration theory.' It says that general intelligence depends on the brain's ability to integrate -- to pull together -- several different kinds of processing, such as working memory."...
uit: J. Gläscher, D. Rudrauf, R. Colom, L. K. Paul, D. Tranel, H. Damasio, and R. Adolphs. The distributed neural system for general intelligence revealed by lesion mapping. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, February 22, 2010

en de abstract van de studie, waaruit nog blijkt:
We suggest that general intelligence draws on connections between regions that integrate verbal, visuospatial, working memory, and executive processes.
Dido
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-Oscar Wilde-
Omhoog

Bericht 24-02-'10, 10:08

anusthesist

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Re: Brain system behind general intelligence discovered

Zie ook: http://www.wetenschapsforum.nl/index.php?showtopic=124987
That which can be asserted without evidence can be dismissed without evidence.
Omhoog

Bericht 24-02-'10, 12:48

Dido

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Re: Brain system behind general intelligence discovered

Oepsss... inderdaad een dubbelpostje van mij... Misschien kunnen ze samengevoegd worden?


Dido
Ik ben niet jong genoeg om alles te weten...
-Oscar Wilde-
Omhoog

Bericht 24-02-'10, 13:28

anusthesist

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Re: Brain system behind general intelligence discovered

Misschien kunnen ze samengevoegd worden?


Done
That which can be asserted without evidence can be dismissed without evidence.
Omhoog
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